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【小学英语语法总结:主谓一致】 英语语法主谓一致

个人总结 时间:2021-11-27

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小学英语网权威发布小学英语语法总结:主谓一致,更多小学英语语法总结相关信息请访问小学英语网。

主语谓语数一致,就近语法和意义

  就近一致

  故事:就近有一只猫和三百只老鼠在玩耍,在我看来,或者猫或者老鼠是要死的,可实际上,猫既没有把老鼠吃掉,老鼠也没有把猫整死,在长期的进化中,不仅是猫而且老鼠也知道了友善,他们彼此和谐相处了。不是猫,而是老鼠认为世界该变一变了。

  译文:There is a cat and three mice playing in the yard.

  解析:there be 句子是倒装结构,其中be的数的变化取决于最临近的一个主语。例如:

  Is there a banana and seven apples on the table?

  译文:In my view, either cat or mice are to die in the stuggle.

  解析:either…or…或者…或者…,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如:

  Either he or I am to be responsible for the accident.

  译文:But , to my surprise, neither mice nor cat dies.

  解析:neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如:

  Neither his parents nor he is interested in swimming.

  译文:In the long run, they have become friendly to each other. Not cat but mice believe the world should change.

  解析:not…but….不是…而是…. ,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如:

  Neither the students nor the teacher runs away in the earthquake.

  (符合就近原则的结构有there be, not…but…, not only…but also…, or…or…, neither…nor…)

  记忆:

  就近有个人在叫卖,不是老头而是老太;

  不仅卖瓜而且卖菜,或者现钱或者放债,

  既没有车也不用秤,只要你笑她就白送。

  语法一致

  故事:三国时候有一套马车金壁辉煌,它的美吸引了每一个国王,每一个国王,还有他的大臣们不止一次地想拥有这套马车,很多种方法都被他们尝试过了,但艰苦努力都是徒劳,当时有99%的人口都反对把车让给国王,因为只有勇士张飞,才是唯一有资格拥有这辆马车的人。只要这辆马车一跑,就会趟起大量的尘土。

  译文:There was a cart and horse in the Three Kingdom Period, which was very splendid.

  解析:

  由and连接两个名词做主语,不是指同一个人、同一物或同一概念时,谓语动词一般用复数。当and连接两个表示同一个人,同一物或同一概念时,谓语动词常用单数形式,如果名词前要加冠词,往往在第一个名词前才用,第二个名词前不用冠词修饰。常见的有bread and butter, war and peace, a knife and fork, a cart and horse等。如:

  (1)Fire and water don’t agree.

  (2) The singer and dancer is popular with the young people.

  (3) Bread and butter is what they usually have for breakfast.

  译文:Every king was attracted by its beauty.

  解析:

  两个并列名词分别由every,each, many a, no等修饰,做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:

  (4)Each boy and each girl has an English dictionary.

  (5) Many a boy and many gir

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